What is a common route of lead exposure for children?

Ingestion is recognized as a common route of lead exposure for children primarily due to the tendency of young children to put objects in their mouths and their propensity to engage in hand-to-mouth behaviors. Lead is often found in household dust, soil, and deteriorating lead-based paints, particularly in older homes. When children play in these environments, they can easily ingest lead particles that may have settled on toys, hands, or food.

Unlike inhalation, which is more relevant in occupational settings or specific atmospheric conditions, ingestion represents a direct and frequent means by which children come into contact with lead. Dermal absorption is generally not a significant route for lead exposure compared to ingestion, as lead does not easily penetrate the skin. Intravenous exposure is not applicable in public health contexts for children in terms of environmental lead exposure; rather, it refers to medical procedures. Therefore, ingestion is the most significant path for lead exposure among children.