What is a common limitation of risk assessments?

The reliance on animal studies to extrapolate human risk is a common limitation of risk assessments because animal studies are often used as a foundational tool to predict human responses to various substances or exposures. While these studies can provide valuable insights into potential toxic effects, there are inherent differences between species that can impact the validity of these extrapolations. Variations in metabolism, physiology, and genetic factors may lead to differences in how humans and animals react to certain compounds. This limitation is particularly significant when assessing risks associated with substances intended for human use, as the potential for inaccurate risk estimations exists.

Risk assessments generally aim to provide a comprehensive analysis of potential harm, but the reliance on animal models can create gaps or uncertainties that may not fully capture human outcomes. Therefore, while animal studies are a key part of the risk assessment process, their limitations must be acknowledged and accounted for when making risk management decisions.