Define "exposure assessment."

Exposure assessment is a critical component in the field of risk assessment, as it involves a systematic process to evaluate how humans come into contact with various hazards. The correct definition emphasizes the importance of measuring not only the intensity of exposure but also the frequency and duration. This comprehensive approach allows for a proper understanding of how likely it is for adverse health effects to occur due to specific exposures.

Understanding these factors is vital in characterizing risk because exposure does not happen in isolation; it varies based on numerous circumstances and can have different implications for health depending on how much, how often, and for how long individuals are exposed to a particular hazard. A thorough exposure assessment helps in identifying vulnerable populations and in determining appropriate risk management strategies.

The other options highlight aspects of exposure assessment that are too limited or mischaracterize its purpose. For instance, focusing only on direct contact overlooks other routes of exposure, such as inhalation and ingestion, which can be significant in understanding risk. Neglecting exposure assessment in scenarios where hazards are eliminated disregards the need for ongoing monitoring and assessment to ensure safety and health. Similarly, concentrating solely on environmental pollutants fails to capture the broad range of potential hazards, including biological and physical agents, that may affect human health.